Alkyl polyglucoside synthesis. 5:1 (APG to polysaccharide, w/o).

Alkyl polyglucoside synthesis. 53 Unlike fatty alcohol alkyl ethoxylate whose interfacial tension is temperature dependent, alkyl polyglycosides are not, rather they depend on several molecular details such as sugar head group, length of the alkyl chain, functional groups Apr 21, 2014 · This volume provides a comprehensive overview for recognizing and producing the characteristics of successful special surfactant agents. Gao, B. Reaction Mechanisms Glycosidation by the Fischer process is the oldest known method for manu­ facturing alkyl glycosides [1-3]. The first comprehensive survey on the uses of alkyl polyglycosides as renewable ressources for the chemical industry. 1–3 At present, the synthesis of APG is usually via Fischer's Apr 4, 2021 · 1. If the molar ratio of carbohydrate to alcohol is the same, the oligomer distribution obtained in the process of transacetalization is basically the same as that obtained in the direct synthesis. Mildness and protection for the skin as well as high-quality standards by minimization of by-products and trace impurities make the alkyl polyglucosides preferred components of personal care products . Sep 1, 2012 · The sugar based alkyl polyglucosides have been synthesized from fatty alcochols and dextrose on laboratory scale to find the optimum molar ratio of the paratoluene sulfonic acid catalyst for the Sep 1, 2017 · Hence, the alkyl derivatives of saccharides have a variety of uses in the food industry and in the production of cosmetics and detergents [6, 7]. Sugar May 1, 2022 · The most popular class in this category is alkyl polyglucosides, or APGs. Apr 17, 2019 · Alkyl polyglycoside (APG) is a green surfactant with excellent interfacial activity, emulsified ability, foaming performance and wettability, which has great potential in enhancing heavy oil recovery at high-temperature and high-salinity condition. Current challenges and future prospects in the biological routes of synthesis are also reviewed. Application of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in the modeling and op timization of the synthesis of alkyl polyglucosides (APG) is presented. Keywords: Eco-friendly surfactants, Transglycosylation, Alkyl glycosides, Alkyl polyglycosides, Two-phase system Alkyl -glycosides and -polyglycosides Growing ecological concern and commercial demand Sep 2, 2019 · Increasing demand for safe and eco-friendly products from the consumers the Alkyl Polyglucoside surfactants products are becoming popular day-by-day and demand for its usage is increasing world wide. Decanol (C10) and dodecanol (C12) are used as so urces of fatty alcohol (FA), and the interactions I. , 2006) cleaning agents, cosmetic products,(Baer et al. The method includes the following steps that firstly, epoxy chloropropane and sodium hydrogen sulfite are put into a reactor, and in an aqueous phase environment, epoxy chloropropane performs ring opening for an addition reaction; after the reaction is finished, a Sep 1, 2012 · Abstract Alkyl polyglucosides are non-ionic surfactants consisting of a hydrophilic saccharide moiety and a hydrophobic fatty alkyl chain. Wu, H. Nie, RSC Adv. Jun 13, 2021 · Obi, Chidi and Aliba, Precious and Iwuoha, Godson, Synthesis and Characterization of Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant: A Pilot Tool to Industrial Applications (June 13, 2021). 2973 - 2976 View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar Jun 24, 2021 · Alkyl polyglycosides (APGs) are classified as non-ionic and green surfactants that can be synthesized from renewable materials such as glucose and fatty alcohol Jan 1, 2019 · This review is dedicated to lignocellulosic biomass and its two main components d-xylose and d-glucose as raw materials for the production of alkyl polyglycosides. Three types of AGEs are synthesized - those using maleic anhydride, citric acid, and tartaric acid. 1–3 At present, the synthesis of APG is usually via Fischer's Synthesis route of alkyl polyglucosides (APGs) using various stages from (A) direct and, (B) indirect method Full size image Although the indirect method offers cost benefits, there are manufacturers who prefer the direct method, owing to reduced need for equipment and efficiency in terms of time associated with the method. Yu and Y. An effective process for synthesis of alkyl polyglycosides (APG) was developed using SO3H-functionalized ionic liquids (SFILs) as catalysts. Jan 1, 2019 · This review is dedicated to lignocellulosic biomass and its two main components d-xylose and d-glucose as raw materials for the production of alkyl polyglycosides. The invention relates to the field of synthesis of surfactants, in particular to a synthesis method of alkyl glycoside sulfonate. [17, 18,19] These surfactants show synergism with other surfactants present and thus the total amount of active surfactants Oct 1, 2014 · Alkyl polyglucosides based on renewable lauryl alcohol and glucose were synthesized using one-step method. Jul 1, 2008 · Method: A comprehensive literature review around alkyl polyglucosides (APGs) and sucrose esters (SEs) as bio-based sur-factants, through the lens of the 12 green chemistry principles was conducted. 1–3) and in the length of the alkyl chain. They are synthesized from renewable raw materials and have excellent ecotoxicological profiles and are readily biodegradable. Existing surfactants with hydrophobic alkyl groups are substituted with silicone, fluoroether, or fluoroalkyl groups to maximize the dissolving capability of Mar 5, 2022 · One of these trends is the synthesis of alkyl polyglycosides (APG) and their use in the detergent industry. Chemistry International 7(3) (2021) 172-180 Obi et al / Chemistry International 7(3) (2021) 172-180 ISSN: 2410-9649 iscientic. Hai, B. The α-forms of these glucosides occur in antibiotics and also stimulate nasal absorption of many drugs. The structure and composition of the synthesized surfactants were defined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Since quite a few years, renewable Ressources are of increasing interest for the chemical industry. 1. Although the first production process of APGs was described more than 100 years ago, these emulsifiers were hastily disregarded until the 1980s, when large-scale cost-efficient production was achieved (Iglauer et al. Synthesis and characterization of alkyl polyglucoside surfactant: A pilot tool to industrial applications Chidi Obi, Precious Valentine Aliba and Godson Ndubuisi Iwuoha* Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry This review aims to identify the challenges and opportunities in sustainable production of sugar-based alkyl polyglycoside, s-APG, by first assessing and subsequently comparing the production route and downstream processing for both the chemically and biologically catalyzed synthesis process, from the perspective of critical operating parameters, type of reactor technologies, and downstream Jan 9, 2008 · Alkyl polyglucosides and alkyl glucamides were introduced in detergents. Under optimized conditions the conversion rate of this reaction was 98. Therefore, in this study for the synthesis of APGs, it was decided to work with the two-step synthesis method. These are extensively used in personal care products, pharmaceutical preparations and membrane protein research. Alkyl polyglucosides based on renewable lauryl alcohol and glucose were synthesized using one-step method. , 2002) and process lubricants. The weeding test was also studied by Sep 1, 2012 · Alkyl polyglucosides are non-ionic surfactants consisting of a hydrophilic saccharide moiety and a hydrophobic fatty alkyl chain. The chemical structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed using different spectroscopic techniques, primarily Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. May 19, 2016 · A series of disodium alkyl monoglucoside citric monoesters (AG-EC) were synthesized with an indirect method using glucosides, lauryl/decyl/octyl alcohol and citric acid. Tests Applied to Synthesized Products 2. Introduction. Jun 13, 2013 · Alkyl-glycosides and -polyglycosides are environment friendly, non-ionic surfactants with favourable properties like biodegradability and chemical stability. The alkyl polyglucosides are mixtures of homologues, anomers and isomers. Jan 1, 2015 · In industry, β-glucosidase was used as catalysts to synthesize alkyl/akyl polyglucosides [2, 3], food flavor enzymes to enhance the flavor and taste , and auxiliary additives to improve the efficiency of the cellulose degradation which is catalyzed by cellulases. Non-ionic surfactant based upon Alkyl Polyglucosides Sep 16, 2020 · The synthesis of branched-chain alkyl polyglucosides (APG) from 2-butyl-1-octanol, a Guerbet alcohol, in an acid/phase transfer catalyst (PTC) system was studied. Experiment results showed Dodecyl polyglucoside was synthesized by glucose and dodecanol using P-toluenesulfonic acid as catalyst. Alkyl polyglycosides are produced against hydrocarbon phases for lowering its interfacial tension. , 1998, Czichocki et al. AGEs retain the favorable properties of being biodegradable, non-toxic, and mild to skin and eyes. In this paper, we report the synthesis of hexyl α-glucoside and α-polyglucosides using cell-bound α-glucosidase activity of a novel strain of Jun 27, 1996 · This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction APG synthesis Selected application properties of the alkyl polyglucosides Environmental compatibility and toxicological safety of APG Der Jul 12, 2000 · This volume provides a comprehensive overview for recognizing and producing the characteristics of successful special surfactant agents. V. Commercial alkyl polyglucosides (APG) are complex mixtures of species varying in the degree of polymerization (DP, usually in the range 1. Two different sets of alkyl polyg lucoside from glucose (G) have been synthesized using an acid catalyst. N. Four SFILs, [PSmim][HSO Jun 1, 2020 · As the world’s largest palm oil producer, Indonesia is subjected to utilize palm oil as a precursor of alkyl polyglycoside (APG) synthesis for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) application. The invention relates to a synthesis process of alkyl polyglycoside hydroxypropyl sodium sulfonate, firstly taking Na 3 PO 4 Adding Na into the aqueous solution 3 PO 4 Synthesizing an intermediate 2, 3-propylene oxide sodium sulfonate by using equimolar 3-chloro-2-sodium hydroxypropanesulfonate solid, mixing an aqueous solution of the intermediate 2, 3-propylene oxide sodium sulfonate with an Dec 29, 2023 · Sugar-based surfactant, alkyl polyglucoside (APG), has been developed for years. In this paper, surface tension, interfacial tension, emulsifying ability, emulsion stability and emulsified oil droplet size were investigated for Dec 1, 2014 · Using sweet potato starch, butanol, and dodecyl alcohol as raw materials, the alkyl indican surfactant was synthesized by two-step reactions with composite catalysts of p-toluene sulfonic acid and citric acid, the synthesis conditions were investigated through orthogonal method and the structure of the product was characterized by IR and mass spectroscopy. 1 Introduction Alkyl polyglycosides (APG), produced from glucose and fatty alcohols, are one kind of renewable green non-ionic surfactants. , 2021, 11, 14710 DOI: 10. Among the various derivatives of alkyl polyglucoside, the anionic alkyl polyglycoside esters (AGEs) and AGE-nonionic surfactant mixtures can able to increase wettability, and it may increase mineral content in soils. Synthesis and characterization of alkyl polyglucoside surfactant: A pilot tool to industrial applications. Four SFILs, [PSmim][HSO4], [PSmim][pTSA], [PSPy][HSO4] and [PSPy][pTSA], were designed and synthesized for APG synthesis. A physical model was established to illustrate the reaction process based on the study of reaction conversion and reaction selectivity under different conditions such as catalyst system, catalyst concentration, temperature, ratio of alcohol to glucose and so on. The alkyl polyglucosides with a longer alkyl chain This volume aims to provide a concise compendium of current knowledge on APGs, which are claimed to possess advantages over other classes of surfactants in terms of dermatological and ocular safety, biodegradability, wettability, foam production, and cleaning ability. Because of good surfactant properties and complete biodegradability, they have been applied in many fields, such as the detergent, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical cleaning industries. They can form a variety of structures, such as lamellar liquid crystalline and lamellar gel phases, depending on the specific emulsion systems they are present in [ 30 ]. Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Alkyl Polyglucoside-Based Microemulsion glycose part, and the yield of the overall reaction is higher in two-step synthesis. Apr 12, 2013 · Alkyl-glucosides and alkyl-polyglucosides are the new-generation biodegradable surfactants with good emulsifying and wetting properties. In this paper, surface tension, interfacial tension, emulsifying ability, emulsion stability and emulsified oil droplet size were investigated for Apr 1, 2008 · The surfactant system is a mixture of dodecyl polyglucosides with an average number of glucose units of 1. Synthesis of alkyl polyglycosides using SO 3 H-functionalized ionic liquids as catalysts W. In this process, saccharides are reacted with alcohols in the presence of strong acids, which results in the formation of alkyl glycosides with water as a by-product. C. Sep 1, 2022 · 1. 5:1 (APG to polysaccharide, w/o). The surface properties, foaming ability and Oct 3, 2022 · One of these trends is the synthesis of alkyl polyglycosides (APG) and their use in the detergent industry. The alkyl polyglucosides with a longer alkyl chain biodegrade Mar 7, 2008 · Alkyl polyglycosides (APGs) of different hydrocarbon chain lengths were prepared using an indirect method involving the condensation of fatty alcohol with dextrose. 1–3 At present, the synthesis of APG is usually via Fischer's In the second stage, the short-chain alkyl glycoside is transacetalized with a relatively long-chain alcohol to form the required alkyl polyglycoside. 8 and a branched alkyl glycerol monoether which acts as a cosurfactant. Nov 1, 2013 · German Chemist Emil Fischer developed the first synthesis process for Alkyl Polyglucosides (APGs) in 1893. Feb 27, 2023 · Synthesis of alkyl polyglucoside butyl ether In order to resolve the problem that maximum surfactants have low solubility in CO 2 , numerous surfactants have been prepared and examined. It highlights one of the most versatile and effective surface-active surfactant agents, detailing the synthesis and production, chemical properties and behaviours, and application for alkyl polyglucosides. Abstract: Natural origin, dermal tolerability and biodegradability are the fundamental criteria for novel surfactants. Chemically similar to microbial glycolipids, APGs are made by combining glucose or other sugars with fatty alcohols Aug 15, 2018 · The solubilizing capacities of alkyl polyglucoside-sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) mixed surfactant systems [45] and the solubilizing capacity of the microemulsions containing mixed surfactants of alkyl polyglucoside and hexadecyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB) [46] have been investigated in literature. 3. Sep 1, 2017 · Hence, the alkyl derivatives of saccharides have a variety of uses in the food industry and in the production of cosmetics and detergents [6, 7]. The APG was characterized by HPLC, LC/MS and 1 HNMR. Wang, M. Commercial production of these surfactants is carried out in multiple steps through Fischer glycosylation reactions under Alkyl polyglucosides (APGs) represent a group of nonionic emulsifiers based on sugar and fatty alcohol components. Oct 3, 2022 · Synthesis route of alkyl polyglucosides (APGs) using various stages from (A) direct and, (B) indirect method Although the indirect method offers cost benefits, there are manufacturers who prefer the direct method, owing to reduced need for equipment and efficiency in terms of time associated with the method. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3. In the presence of DES, Sgβgl catalysed the formation of a range of alkyl glucosides. Alkyl polyglucoside surfactants have been industrially developed since the late 1980s, and recent developments in the field of alkyl polyglycosides have focused on d-xylose-based equivalent molecules. 0 Unported Licence. org. A physical model was established to illustrate the reaction process based on the study of Apr 1, 2023 · Free nitrous acid (FNA) pretreatment and alkyl polyglucoside (APG) addition are environmentally-friendly methods for enhancing waste activated sludge (WAS) anaerobic fermentation (AF) performances. The demand for alkyl polyglucoside surfactants is growing due to its non-toxicity and high surface activity. Figure 1. Oct 18, 2010 · The document discusses alkyl polyglucoside esters (AGEs), which are synthesized from alkyl polyglucosides and various acids. The cmc values of APGs are Aug 1, 2020 · In the case of glucose derivation, they are also referred to as alkyl polyglucosides, and can be seen in Figure 4. Iwuoha. Experimental setup used in the synthesis of butyl-glycoside and alkyl polyglycosides. Alkyl polyglycosides (APGs), technically synthesized from nature based starch and fatty alcohol, are considered as the most important sugar based biodegradable nonionic surfactants with growing application in the formulation of detergents,(Gunjikar et al. Nov 7, 2021 · There is a lot of synthesis of eco-benign surfactants in the literature such as preparation of alkyl polyglucoside (APG) using D-glucose and octanol [5] and consequent modification of natural Jan 1, 2014 · Cation alkyl polyglucoside for preparation of mesoporous silica and direct synthesis of mesoporous carbon Mater Lett , 62 ( 2008 ) , pp. Alkyl polyglucoside (APG) is widely used as low-toxic and green surfactant. When the latter is shorter than C 14, the product is water soluble. The surfactant properties showed that the wetting are described. 1039/D1RA00337B . Alkyl polyglycosides (APG), produced from glucose and fatty alcohols, are one kind of renewable green non-ionic surfactants. A century later, following a costly and complex research and development effort, the company Henkel successfully designed an industrial production process for APG. . The effects catalyst type, proportion of material, reaction temperature and pressure were discussed in this paper. Synthesis of alkyl polyglycosides using SO3H-functionalized ionic liquids as catalysts† Wenliang Wu,ab Hongshuai Gao, *ab Bin Hai,b Binqi Wang,b Min Yub and Yi Nie *ab An effective process for synthesis of alkyl polyglycosides (APG) was developed using SO 3H-functionalized ionic liquids (SFILs) as catalysts. 4% and the selectivity 16. Aliba and G. Dec 31, 2014 · Moreover, alkyl polyglucoside can be used as carbon precursor, and the direct pyrolysis of silica/cation alkyl polyglucoside composite with trace amount H2SO4 as catalyst can lead to the formation An improved method for synthetizing alkylpolyglucosides is disclosed, which consists in reacting a glycoside with a long-chain alcohol in the presence of a novel type of catalyst, constituted by an alkyl or aryl sulfonic acid, wherein the sulfonic group is sterically hindered. The results indicated that [PSmim][HSO4] shows the best catalytic performance among Jun 13, 2021 · Obi, Chidi and Aliba, Precious and Iwuoha, Godson, Synthesis and Characterization of Alkyl Polyglucoside Surfactant: A Pilot Tool to Industrial Applications (June 13, 2021). Obi, P. Experts from industry show in detail how alkyl polyglycosides can help chemists to improve their products. FISCHER GLYCOSIDATION A. It was found that the amount of Keywords Alkyl glucosides Citric monoester Anionic surfactant Surface properties Introduction With the mass production and the reasonable price of alkyl polyglucosides (APG), derivatives such as the sulfonate and sulfosuccinate of APG have attracted researchers’ interests [1–4]. The Fischer synthesis was used as a base in the development of APG. Disodium alkyl polyglucosides citrate The scheme for alkyl polyglucoside synthesis is shown below. The surface properties The synthesis of alkyl glucosides was explored using DES as a co-solvent. The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced are available substrates for polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) synthesis to reduce the C-source cost. 2. May 18, 2022 · A broad range of alkyl polyglucoside derivatives can be obtained by nucleophilic substitution. 2009). bzjuk sbyqy zvojf gme kindyb dykniv eifan yvmop dhtxtxs absleo